読デイリー読解 · Daily Dokkai
LessonsThe Daily Dokkai textbook · step by step from zeroReading practice →
Japanese from zero · N3 Lesson 26

At the company

〜に対して ・ 〜にとって ・ 〜において ・ 〜に関する ・ 〜によって

In this lesson, you will learn to say who an action or a feeling is aimed at, whose point of view a judgment comes from, where something happens in formal Japanese, what a piece of writing is about, and what something depends on. Lisa interviews Ai at her company in Tokyo for the club newspaper's piece on working life.

By the end you will be able to say

I use keigo with customers.
For me, this job is important.
In Japan, the working environment is changing.
I'm writing an article about work.
Customs differ from country to country.

The grammar in this lesson

  1. 〜に対して — toward; to; in contrast with — Noun + に 対して says who or what an action or a feeling is aimed at; before a noun it becomes に 対する.
  2. 〜にとって — for; from the point of view of — Person + にとって says whose point of view a judgment comes from: 私にとって (for me).
  3. 〜において / 〜における — in; at (formal) — において is the formal, written way to say で for a place, a time or a field; before a noun it becomes における.
  4. 〜に関する / 〜に関して — about; regarding — Noun + に 関して means 'about' in formal Japanese; before a noun it becomes に 関する.
  5. 〜によって / 〜による — depending on; because of — Noun + によって says what something depends on or what causes it; before a noun it becomes による.