Japanese from zero · N2 Lesson 4
Based on the data
〜を もとに／〜に 基づいて ・ 〜と 考えられる ・ 恐らく ・ 〜恐れが ある
In this lesson, you will learn to say what a piece of writing is built on with 〜を もとに and 〜に 基づいて, to state a careful conclusion with 〜と 考えられる, to say what is probably so with 恐らく, and to warn that something bad may happen with 〜恐れが ある. Late at night in the apartment, Lisa writes her society-page article and Minju checks every number.
By the end you will be able to say
アンケートの 結果を もとに、記事を 書きました。I wrote the article based on the results of the questionnaire.
国の 統計に 基づいて 書いた ところも あります。Some parts are written based on the national statistics.
人手不足が 主な 原因だと 考えられます。The labor shortage is thought to be the main cause.
恐らく これは 去年の 数字でしょう。This is probably last year's figure.
閉店する 恐れが ある 店も あります。Some shops are in danger of closing.
The grammar in this lesson
- 〜を もとに／〜に 基づいて — based on — 〜を もとに names the material something is built from; 〜に 基づいて names the evidence or the rules it strictly follows.
- 〜と 考えられる — it is thought that; it can be concluded that — A plain form + と 考えられる states a careful, objective conclusion, the way a report or an article does.
- 恐らく — probably; very likely — 恐らく says the speaker is fairly sure, and usually ends with だろう or でしょう.
- 〜恐れが ある — there is a danger that (something bad will happen) — A dictionary form, or a noun + の, + 恐れが ある warns that something bad may happen.